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Worked examples

Reading an analysis

Lavandula angustifolia

This is not a product

This is an example built for teaching, not merchandise. There is no lot, no supplier and no physical sample corresponding to the figures below.

The whole of Part Two of the learning path teaches you how to read a composition analysis. This page is the sample to practise on.

It shows you three things a good analysis must have: components ordered by boiling point so you can read the order of evaporation, a complete data table with CAS numbers, and a way of comparing several harvests to see natural variation.

Volatility band

14 components from harvest B, ordered by boiling point — which is also the order in which you smell them.

First three seconds Half an hour later Hours later
Select a dot to see the component.
The horizontal axis can be trusted, the vertical one cannot: a small dot can still decide the character of the whole bottle. How to read this chart

Component table — harvest B

ComponentCASBoiling point% area
α-Pinene 80-56-8 155 °C 0.6
3-Octanone 106-68-3 167 °C 1.4
Limonene 138-86-3 176 °C 0.4
1,8-Cineole 470-82-6 176 °C 1.2
cis-β-Ocimene 3338-55-4 177 °C 3.1
Linalool 78-70-6 198 °C 31.4
Camphor 76-22-2 204 °C 0.5
Terpinen-4-ol 562-74-3 209 °C 4.2
Borneol 507-70-0 213 °C 1.8
α-Terpineol 98-55-5 219 °C 1.1
Linalyl acetate 115-95-7 220 °C 36.2
Lavandulyl acetate 25905-14-0 230 °C 3.6
β-Caryophyllene 87-44-5 264 °C 4.1
Caryophyllene oxide 1139-30-6 280 °C 0.8

Six harvests side by side

The darker the cell, the higher that component — compared within its own range, not with other rows. Read along each row to see how one compound varies from harvest to harvest.

Harvest AHarvest BHarvest CHarvest DHarvest EHarvest F
Linalyl acetate 220 °C · 33.0–38.9 %
38.9
36.2
34.1
37.5
33.0
36.8
Linalool 198 °C · 28.4–34.6 %
28.4
31.4
33.9
29.8
34.6
30.2
Terpinen-4-ol 209 °C · 3.9–5.1 %
3.9
4.2
5.1
4.4
4.8
4.0
β-Caryophyllene 264 °C · 3.6–4.6 %
4.6
4.1
3.8
4.4
3.6
4.2
Lavandulyl acetate 230 °C · 3.0–3.8 %
3.8
3.6
3.2
3.6
3.0
3.5
cis-β-Ocimene 177 °C · 2.4–3.4 %
3.4
3.1
2.6
3.3
2.4
3.0
Borneol 213 °C · 1.6–2.1 %
1.6
1.8
2.0
1.8
2.1
1.7
1,8-Cineole 176 °C · 0.9–2.0 %
0.9
1.2
1.8
1.1
2.0
1.3
3-Octanone 167 °C · 1.1–1.4 %
1.3
1.4
1.2
1.4
1.1
1.3
α-Terpineol 219 °C · 1.0–1.4 %
1.0
1.1
1.3
1.1
1.4
1.0
Lowest Highest within that component’s range

Where these figures come from

The values were built within the composition ranges published in the literature for Lavandula angustifolia. They illustrate the structure and the typical variation of the species correctly, but they are not the result of measuring any particular sample.

What the grid above teaches. Look at the 1,8-Cineole row: it goes from 0.9 to 2.0 across six harvests, more than doubling. Linalyl acetate, meanwhile, moves only a few per cent in relative terms. Trace components vary more than main components, and it is they that carry the mark of region and harvest. Read why